GPS mapping of
CKD/CKDu Patients and
Water Sources in
CKDu Highly Endemic Areas

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence – including CKD of unknown etiology (CKDu) – across ten districts most affected by CKD in Sri Lanka, including an examination of rural households’ historical reliance on groundwater consumption.

A carefully designed household survey provides information on whether these households self-reported, who had been clinically diagnosed with CKD. Households were classified according to whether or not they had used groundwater (from household wells, agro-wells or springs) as their primary source for drinking or cooking.

• CKD Patients

• Water sources used by patients

• RO water purification plants

• Dialysis and Transplant Patients